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The Douro River Valley is Portugal's 'Port wine route', with ancient terraced vineyards on both sides of the river, which was once the transport route for vintages brought to the town of Porto. The vines follow the contours of the land in sinuous rows. The yearly climate is extreme, ensuring winter dormancy for the vines and summer heat to produce the sweetest grapes. The addition of brandy about half-way through fermentation kills the yeasts of the skins which otherwise would turn sugar into alcohol: that's what gives Port wine its sweetness. The idyllic landscape of these quintas, Europe's oldest vineyards in continuous production, make the Douro Valley a World Heritage Site.